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Listed are a some lab values that will be commonly seen during adult health clinicals. It is not important to remember them all, however some of them you will memorize from seeing them often. If you have an iphone, there is a free app called MedRef that is a great reference. Some instructors allow students to use phones only for this type of information.
| Test | Reference | significance |
| BUN | 8-20 | |
| Na | 135-145 | |
| K | 3.5-5.5 | |
| Cl | 99-110 | |
| CO2 | 22-32 | |
| Glucose | 70-110 mg/dl | 1) When elevated: Pancreatic cell injury resulting in impaired carbohydrate metabolism; decreased insulin release |
| Creat | 0.7-1.5 | |
| BUN/Creat | 6-20 | |
| Anion Gap | 5-15 | |
| CA | 8.3-10.1 | |
| Osmolarity Cal | 273-304 | |
| Estimated GFR | >60 | |
| WBC | 3.4-10.7 | |
| RBC | 4-5.4 | |
| HGB | 12-16 | |
| HCT | 38-47 | |
| MCV | 81-100 | |
| MCH | 27-35 | |
| MCHC | 33-36 | |
| RDW | 12.5-14.5 | |
| PLT | 125-375 | |
| Neut % | 43-77 | |
| Lymph % | 17-50 | |
| Mono % | 3-13 | |
| EOS % | 0-6 | |
| Baso % | 0-1.5 | |
| PT | 8.6-12.2 | |
| PTT | 23.8-35.8 | Used to determine coagulation when pt. is on Heparin |
| INR | < 2.0 | Used to determine coagulation when pt. is on Coumadin |
| PH | 7.35-7.45 | |
| PCO2 | 30-50 mmHg | |
| PO2 | 60-74 mmHg | |
| HCO3 | 22.5-26.5 mEq/L | |
| BE | -2 to +2 | |
| O2 Sat | 92-100 % O2 mmHg | |
| Mg | 1.8-2.4 mg/dL | |
| T3 Uptake | 33-40% | |
| Thyroid S H | 0.34-4.82 | |
| T4 Free | 0.71-1.85 | |
| Sed Rate | 0-10 mm/hr | Increased levels could mean infection |
| Glu Poct | 8.6-12.2 | |
| CK | 58-216 U/L | |
| Cardiac Profile | ||
| CKMB | 0-3.6 ng/mL | |
| Relative Index | 0-4% | |
| Troponin I | 0.04- 0.1 ng/mL | Elevated levels could mean heart damage |
| T Prot | 6.4- 8.2 g/dL | |
| ALB | 3.4-5 g/dL | |
| Trig. | <150 | |
| Chol | <200 | |
| HDL | 40-60 | |
| LDL | <100 | |
| SERUM ENZYMES | ||
| Amylase | < 130 U/L | When elevated: pancreatic cell injury |
| Lipase | When elevated: pancreatic cell injury | |
| Trypsin | When elevated: pancreatic cell injury | |
| Elastase | When elevated: pancreatic cell injury | |
| AST
Aspartate aminotransferase |
Men: 8-26 U/L
Women: 7-34 U/L |
When elevated: hepatic cell destruction, hepatitis (most specific indicator) |
| ALT
Alanine aminotransferase |
10-30 IU/ml | When elevated: hepatic cell destruction, hepatitis, hepatobiliary involvement |
| LDH
Lactic dehydrogenase |
50-150 U/L | When elevated: hepatic cell destruction |
| ALK Phosphatase
Alkaline phosphatase |
20-90 U/L | When elevated: Obstructive jaundice, hepatic metastasis |
| SERUM BILIRUBIN | ||
| Total | 0.3-1.2 mg/dl | When elevated: Hepatic cell disease, hepatobiliary obstructive process |
| Direct conjugated | 0-0.2 mg/dl | When elevated: Hepatitis, liver metastasis |
| Indirect unconjugated | 0.2-0.8 mg/dl | When elevated: cirrhosis |
| Urine bilirubin | Hepatocellular obstruction, viral or toxic liver disease | |
| Urine urobilinogen | Hepatic dysfunction | |
| Fecal urobilinogen | When decreased: obstructive liver disease | |
| SERUM PROTEINS | ||
| Total protein | 6-8 g/d | When elevated: acute liver disease
When decreased: chronic liver disease |
| Albumin | 4-6 g/dl | When decreased: severe liver disease |
| Globulin | When elevated: immune response to liver disease | |
| OTHER TESTS | ||
| NH3
Serum ammonia |
10-80 mcg/dl | When elevated: advanced liver disease or portal-systemic encephalopathy (PSE) |
| Prolonged prothrombin time (PT) or INR | Men: 9.6-11.8 sec.
Women: 9.5-11.3 sec. |
When elevated: Hepatic cell damage and synthesis of prothrombin |
| BNP | <100 pg/mL | When increased, could mean signs of congestive heart failure |
| HgbA1C | 4.8- 6 | Increased means blood sugar is not controlled |
| Lactic acid | 4.5-19.8 mg/dL | |
| Chest X-ray | ||
| Echo | ||
